Igwe carbon dị elu na-ezo aka na carbon steel na w (C) dị elu karịa 0.6%.Ọ nwere ọchịchọ siri ike karịa nke ọkara carbon ígwè ma na-etolite carbon martensite dị elu, nke na-enwe mmetụta karịa n'ichebe mgbawa oyi.N'otu oge ahụ, ihe owuwu martensite nke e guzobere na mpaghara ịgbado ọkụ na-emetụta okpomọkụ siri ike na nke siri ike, na-eme ka plasticity na ike nke nkwonkwo na-ebelata nke ukwuu.Ya mere, weldability nke nnukwu carbon ígwè dị nnọọ njọ, na a ga-anakwere usoro ịgbado ọkụ pụrụ iche iji hụ na arụmọrụ nke nkwonkwo..Ya mere, a na-ejikarị ya eme ihe n'ụdị welded.A na-eji ígwè carbon dị elu eme ihe maka akụkụ igwe nke chọrọ ike siri ike ma na-eyi nguzogide, dị ka osisi na-atụgharị, nnukwu gia na njikọ [1].Iji chekwaa ígwè ma mee ka nkà na ụzụ nhazi dị mfe, a na-ejikọta akụkụ igwe ndị a na ụlọ welded.N'imepụta igwe dị arọ, a na-ezutekwa nsogbu ịgbado ọkụ nke nnukwu carbon steel components.Mgbe ị na-emepụta usoro ịgbado ọkụ maka welding carbon steel dị elu, enwere ike nyochaa ntụpọ ịgbado ọkụ dị iche iche ma were usoro usoro ịgbado ọkụ kwekọrọ.
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1 Weldability nke elu carbon ígwè
1.1 Usoro ịgbado ọkụ
A na-ejikarị ígwè carbon dị elu eme ihe maka ụlọ ndị nwere isi ike na nguzogide dị elu, yabụ ụzọ ịgbado ọkụ bụ isi ịgbado ọkụ electrode arc, brazing na submerged arc ịgbado ọkụ.
1.2 Ihe ịgbado ọkụ
Mgbado ọkụ dị elu carbon steel anaghị achọ ike nha anya n'etiti nkwonkwo na metal ala.Mgbe ịgbado ọkụ, a na-ejikarị electrodes hydrogen dị ala nwere ikike iwepụ sọlfọ siri ike, ọdịnaya hydrogen dị obere na-agbasa n'ime ọla edobere, yana ezigbo ike na-ejikarị.Mgbe a chọrọ ike nke ígwè weld na ntọala ntọala ka hà nhata, a ga-ahọrọ mkpara ịgbado ọkụ dị ala-hydrogen nke ọkwa kwekọrọ;mgbe ike nke metal weld na isi ala adịghị achọ, a ga-ahọrọ mkpanaka mmiri na-agbado ọkụ nke dị ala nke nwere ike dị ala karịa nke isi ala.Cheta mkpara ịgbado ọkụ nwere ọkwa ike dị elu karịa igwe anaghị ahọrọ.Ọ bụrụ na a naghị ekwe ka ihe mgbakwasị ụkwụ na-eme ka ọ dị ọkụ n'oge ịgbado ọkụ, iji gbochie oyi na-atụ na mpaghara okpomọkụ, austenitic igwe anaghị agba nchara electrodes nwere ike iji nweta ihe austenitic Ọdịdị na ezigbo plasticity na ike mgbape na-eguzogide.
1.3 Nkwadebe Bevel
Iji belata ọnụ ọgụgụ dị nta nke carbon na weld metal, a ga-ebelata nha nke njikọta, yabụ, a na-ejikarị oghere U-shaped ma ọ bụ V mee ihe n'oge ịgbado ọkụ, na ekwesịrị itinye uche maka ihicha oghere na ntụpọ mmanụ, nchara, wdg n'ime 20mm n'akụkụ abụọ nke uzo.
1.4 Na-ekpo ọkụ
Mgbe ị na-eji electrodes ígwè arụ ọrụ na-agbado ya, a ga-ebu ụzọ kpoo ya tupu ịgbado ọkụ, a na-achịkwa okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'etiti 250 ° C na 350 ° C.
1.5 Nhazi interlayer
Mgbe ịgbado ọkụ ọtụtụ n'ígwé na otutu ngafe, a obere-dayameta electrode na ala ugbu a na-eji nke mbụ ngafe.N'ozuzu, na workpiece enịm ke ọkara vetikal ịgbado ọkụ ma ọ bụ ịgbado ọkụ mkpara na-eji siwing mpụta, nke mere na dum isi metal okpomọkụ-emetụta mpaghara na-ewe iwe ọkụ na obere oge iji nweta preheating na okpomọkụ ichebe mmetụta.
1.6 Ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ nke weld
Ozugbo ịgbado ọkụ, a na-edobe ihe a na-arụ ọrụ n'ime ọkụ ọkụ ma debe ya na 650 Celsius maka mgbakasị mgbakasị ahụ [3].
2 welding ntụpọ nke elu carbon ígwè na mgbochi mgbochi
N'ihi na ígwè carbon dị elu nwere ọchịchọ siri ike ime ka ọ sie ike, mgbawa ọkụ na oyi na-atụ na-adịkarị n'oge ịgbado ọkụ.
2.1 Usoro mgbochi maka mgbawa ọkụ
1) Jikwaa ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ nke weld, jikwaa sọlfọ na ọdịnaya phosphorus nke ọma, wee bulie ọdịnaya manganese nke ọma iji meziwanye usoro weld wee belata nkewa.
2) Jikwaa cross-section udi nke weld na-eme ka obosara-na-omimi ruru ubé ibu iji zere nkewa na etiti weld.
3) Maka ịgbado ọkụ siri ike, paramita ịgbado ọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị, usoro ịgbado ọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị na ntụziaka kwesịrị ịhọrọ.
4) Ọ bụrụ na ọ dị mkpa, were preheating na ngwa ngwa nke jụrụ oyi iji gbochie omume nke thermal cracks.
5) Mụbaa alkalinity nke mkpanaka ịgbado ọkụ ma ọ bụ flux iji belata adịghị ọcha ọdịnaya na weld ma melite ogo nkewa.
2.2 Usoro mgbochi maka mgbawa oyi[4]
1) Preheating tupu ịgbado ọkụ na ngwa ngwa jụrụ mgbe ịgbado ọkụ nwere ike ọ bụghị nanị ibelata ike na brittleness nke okpomọkụ-emetụta mpaghara, ma mee ngwangwa mpụta mgbasa nke hydrogen na weld.
2) Họrọ usoro ịgbado ọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị.
3) Nabata mgbakọ kwesịrị ekwesị na usoro ịgbado ọkụ iji belata nrụgide mgbochi nke nkwonkwo welded ma melite ọnọdụ nrụgide nke welded.
4) Họrọ ihe ịgbado ọkụ kwesịrị ekwesị, kpoo electrodes na flux tupu ịgbado ọkụ, ma debe ha ka ọ dị njikere maka ojiji.
5) Tupu ịgbado ọkụ, mmiri, nchara na ndị ọzọ na-efe efe na isi metal elu gburugburu uzo kwesịrị nlezianya wepụrụ iji belata ọdịnaya nke diffusible hydrogen na weld.
6) Ekwesịrị ịme ọgwụgwọ dehydrogenation ozugbo tupu ịgbado ọkụ ka hydrogen wee gbanarị n'ụzọ zuru ezu na nkwonkwo welded.
7) Ekwesịrị ịme ọgwụgwọ mgbakasị ahụ nke na-ebelata nchekasị ozugbo ịgbado ọkụ ga-akwalite mgbasa nke hydrogen na-apụta na weld.
3 Nkwubi okwu
N'ihi nnukwu carbon ọdịnaya, elu hardenability na adịghị mma weldability nke elu carbon ígwè, ọ dị mfe imepụta elu carbon martensite Ọdịdị na ịgbado ọkụ cracks n'oge ịgbado ọkụ.Ya mere, mgbe ị na-agbado elu carbon steel, usoro ịgbado ọkụ ga-abụ nke ezi uche ahọrọ.Ma were usoro ndị kwekọrọ na ya n'oge kwesịrị ekwesị iji belata ihe omume ịgbado ọkụ ma melite arụmọrụ nke nkwonkwo welded.
Oge nzipu: Mee-27-2024
