1. Iji nitrogen eme ihe
Nitrogen bụ gas inert enweghị isi, enweghị isi, enweghị isi. Ya mere, a na-eji nitrogen gas eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka gas nchebe. A na-eji nitrogen mmiri mmiri eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe dị ka ihe na-ekpo ọkụ nke nwere ike ịbanye na ikuku. Ọ bụ gas dị ezigbo mkpa. , ụfọdụ a na-ejikarị eme ihe bụ ndị a:
1. Nhazi ígwè: isi iyi nitrogen maka ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ dị ka ọkụ na-egbuke egbuke, annealing na-egbuke egbuke, nitriding, nitrocarburizing, carbonization soft, wdg; gas nchebe n'oge ịgbado ọkụ na ntụ ntụ metallurgy sintering Filiks, wdg.
2. Ngwakọta kemịkalụ: Nitrogen bụ nke a na-ejikarị emepụta amonia. Usoro mmeghachi omume bụ N2 + 3H2 = 2NH3 (ọnọdụ ndị ahụ bụ nrụgide dị elu, okpomọkụ dị elu, na ihe na-akpali akpali. Mmeghachi omume bụ mmeghachi omume na-agbanwe agbanwe) ma ọ bụ eriri sịntetik (nylon, acrylic), resin synthetic, rubber synthetic, wdg dị mkpa akụrụngwa. Nitrogen bụ ihe na-edozi ahụ nke nwekwara ike iji mee fatịlaịza. Dịka ọmụmaatụ: ammonium bicarbonate NH4HCO3, ammonium chloride NH4Cl, ammonium nitrate NH4NO3, wdg.
3. Ụlọ ọrụ eletrọnịkị: Nitrogen isi iyi maka nhazi nnukwu sekit agbakwunyere, tubes foto agba agba, ihe onyonyo na redio na akụkụ semiconductor.
4. Ụlọ ọrụ metallurgical: gas nchebe maka nkedo na-aga n'ihu, ntụgharị na-aga n'ihu na nchara ígwè; ngwakọta nitrogen na-afụ n'elu na ala nke onye na-atụgharị maka nchara ígwè, akara maka ihe ntụgharị ígwè, mkpuchi maka ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ elu, gas maka ikpo ọkụ coal injection maka mgbawa ọkụ ironmaking, wdg.
5. Nchekwa nri: nchekwa nitrogen jupụtara na nchekwa nke ọka, mkpụrụ osisi, akwụkwọ nri, wdg; Ngwunye ihe nchekwa nke nitrogen juputara nke anụ, cheese, mọstad, tii na kọfị, wdg; nitrogen juputara na ikuku oxygen na-echekwa ihe ọṅụṅụ mkpụrụ osisi, mmanụ na-adịghị na jam, wdg; dị iche iche Klas dị ka mmanya dị ọcha na mkpuchi, wdg.
6. Ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta ọgwụ: Nitrogen jupụtara na nchekwa na nchekwa nke ọgwụ ndị China (dị ka ginseng); Nitrogen jupụtara injections nke Western ọgwụ; Nchekwa na ihe ndị nwere nitrogen jupụtara; Isi iyi gas maka njem pneumatic nke ọgwụ, wdg.
7. Ụlọ ọrụ kemịkalụ: gas na-echebe na ndochi, ihicha, akara, nchọpụta ntanye, akọrọ coke quenching; gas na-eji na-eme ka ọ dịghachi ndụ, fractionation petroleum, chemical fiber mmepụta, wdg.
8. Ụlọ ọrụ fatịlaịza: nitrogen fatịlaịza akụrụngwa; gas maka nnọchi, akara, ịsacha, na ihe nchebe.
9. Ụlọ ọrụ plastik: nnyefe pneumatic nke ihe ndị dị na plastik; mgbochi oxidation na mmepụta na nchekwa plastik, wdg.
Ndị na-emepụta Nitrogen Mmepụta - Ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta Nitrogen China & Ndị na-ebubata (xinfatools.com)
10. Ụlọ ọrụ roba: nkwakọ ngwaahịa roba na nchekwa; mmepụta taya, wdg.
11. Ụlọ ọrụ iko: gas nchebe na usoro mmepụta nke iko ise n'elu mmiri.
12. Ụlọ ọrụ na-emepụta mmanụ: nitrogen ịchaji na ịdị ọcha nke nchekwa, arịa, catalytic cracking Tower, pipeline, wdg; Nnwale nkwụsị nke ikuku nke usoro pipeline, wdg.
13. Mmepe mmanụ n’oke osimiri; mkpuchi gas nke ikpo okwu na mmịpụta mmanụ dị n'ụsọ mmiri, nrụnye nrụgide nke nitrogen maka mmịpụta mmanụ, ntinye nke tankị nchekwa, arịa, wdg.
14. Ụlọ nkwakọba ihe: Iji gbochie ihe ndị na-ere ọkụ na cellars na ụlọ nkwakọba ihe ị nweta ọkụ na ịgbawa, jupụta na nitrogen.
15. Ụgbọ njem ụgbọ mmiri: gas na-eji ihicha tankị na nchekwa.
16. Aerospace technology: rọketi mmanụ ụgbọala booster, igba egbe pad nnọchi gas na nchekwa nchekwa gas, astronaut akara gas, ohere ịme anwansị ụlọ, ihicha gas maka ụgbọ elu mmanụ ụgbọala pipelines, wdg.
17. Ngwa n'ime ụlọ ọrụ na-egwupụta mmanụ, gas, na coal: Ịmeju mmanụ nke ọma na nitrogen nwere ike ọ bụghị nanị na-eme ka nrụgide dị na olulu mmiri dịkwuo elu ma mee ka mmepụta mmanụ dịkwuo elu, ma a pụkwara iji nitrogen mee ihe dị ka ihe nkwụnye na nha nke ọkpọkọ ọkpọkọ. , kpamkpam na-ezere nrụgide apịtị dị na olulu mmiri. Enwere ike ịkụpịa kọlụm tube ala. Na mgbakwunye, a na-ejikwa nitrogen na arụ ọrụ ala dị ka acidification, fracturing, hydraulic blowholes, na hydraulic packer ntọala. Na-ejuputa gas sitere na nitrogen nwere ike ibelata uru calorific. Mgbe a na-eji mmanụ crued dochie pipeline, enwere ike iji nitrogen mmiri mee ọkụ na ịgbanye ihe na nsọtụ abụọ iji sie ike na mechie ha.
18. Ndị ọzọ:
A. A na-ejupụta agba na mkpuchi na nitrogen na oxygen iji gbochie polymerization nke ihicha mmanụ; Mmanụ na mmanụ gas na-echekwa tankị, arịa, na pipeline ụgbọ njem jupụtara na nitrogen na oxygen, wdg.
B. taya ụgbọ ala
(1) Melite nkwụsi ike na nkasi obi nke taya taya
Nitrogen bụ gas diatomic nke fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ inert nwere kemịkalụ kemịkalụ adịghị arụ ọrụ nke ukwuu. Mkpụrụ irighiri gas dị ukwuu karịa ikuku oxygen, anaghị adịkarị mfe mgbasawanye na mkpụkọ, ma nwee obere nrụrụ. Ọnụ ọgụgụ ntinye ya n'ime akụkụ taya taya dị ihe dịka 30 ruo 40% iji nwayọọ karịa nke ikuku, ọ nwere ike ịnọgide na-eme ka nrụgide taya kwụsie ike, melite nkwụsi ike ịnya ụgbọ ala, ma hụ na nkasi obi ịnya ụgbọ ala; nitrogen nwere conductivity audio dị ala, nke ya na 1/5 nke ikuku nkịtị. Iji nitrogen eme ihe nwere ike ibelata mkpọtụ taya ma melite jụụ ịnya ụgbọ ala.
(2) Gbochie ịfụ taya na ịgbapụ ikuku
Taya dị larịị bụ ihe mbụ na-ebute ihe mberede okporo ụzọ. Dị ka ọnụ ọgụgụ si kwuo, 46% nke ihe mberede okporo ụzọ n'okporo ụzọ awara awara na-akpata site na ọdịda taya, nke taya taya na-akpata 70% nke ngụkọta ihe mberede taya. Mgbe ụgbọ ala na-anya, okpomọkụ taya ga-ebili n'ihi esemokwu na ala. Karịsịa mgbe ị na-akwọ ụgbọala na nnukwu ọsọ na nkwụsị mberede mberede, okpomọkụ nke gas na taya ga-ebili ngwa ngwa na nrụgide taya ga-abawanye nke ọma, ya mere enwere ike ịfụ taya. Okpomọkụ dị elu na-eme ka rọba taya na-aka nká, na-ebelata ike ọgwụgwụ, ma na-eme ka ọnyà na-akpụ akpụ, nke bụkwa ihe dị mkpa na-eme ka taya taya aka. E jiri ya tụnyere ikuku ikuku dị elu, nitrogen dị elu dị ọcha enweghị oxygen na ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ ghara inwe mmiri ma ọ bụ mmanụ. Ọ nwere ọnụọgụ mgbasawanye ọkụ dị ala, obere conductivity thermal, obere okpomọkụ ịrị elu, nke na-ebelata ọsọ nke mkpokọta okpomọkụ taya, na ọ dịghị ọkụ ma ọ dịghị akwado combustion. , ya mere enwere ike ibelata ohere nke ịfụ taya taya.
(3) Ịgbatị ndụ ọrụ taya taya
Mgbe ejiri nitrogen mee ihe, nrụgide taya na-akwụsi ike na mgbanwe olu dị ntakịrị, nke na-ebelata nke ukwuu ohere nke esemokwu taya oge ọ bụla, dị ka okpueze okpueze, uwe ubu taya, na ejiji eccentric, ma na-abawanye ndụ ọrụ taya; na-emetụta ịka nká nke rọba site na mkpụrụ ndụ oxygen na ikuku N'ihi oxidation, ike ya na elasticity na-ebelata mgbe ịka nká, a ga-enwekwa mgbawa. Nke a bụ otu n'ime ihe kpatara ịbelata ndụ ọrụ taya. Ngwa nkewa nke nitrogen nwere ike iwepụ oxygen, sọlfọ, mmanụ, mmiri na adịghị ọcha ndị ọzọ na ikuku ruo n'ókè kasị ukwuu, na-ebelata ogo oxidation nke taya n'ime mkpuchi taya na corrosion roba, na ọ gaghị emebi rim metal, na-agbatị ndụ taya. . Ndụ ọrụ na-ebelatakwa nchara nke rim nke ukwuu.
(4) Belata oriri mmanụ ma chebe gburugburu ebe obibi
Nrụgide taya na-ezughị oke na nkwụsi ike na-agbagharị agbagharị mgbe kpochara ọkụ ga-ebute mmụba nke oriri mmanụ mgbe ị na-anya ụgbọ ala. Nitrogen, na mgbakwunye na ịnọgide na-enwe nrụgide taya kwụsiri ike ma na-egbu oge mbelata nrụgide taya, akpọnwụwo, enweghị mmanụ ma ọ bụ mmiri, ọ nweghịkwa conductivity thermal. , Igwe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ ngwa ngwa na-ebelata okpomọkụ ịrị elu mgbe taya na-agba ọsọ, na nrụrụ taya dị ntakịrị, a na-eme ka njide ahụ dịkwuo mma, wdg, na-ebelata nkwụsị nke mkpọgharị, si otú ahụ nweta nzube nke ibelata oriri mmanụ.
2. Ngwa nke mmiri mmiri nitrogen kefriza
1. Cryogenic ọgwụ: ịwa ahụ, ọgwụgwọ cryogenic, refrigeration ọbara, ọgwụ kefriza na cryogenic crushing, wdg.
2. Bioengineering: cryopreservation na njem nke osisi dị oké ọnụ ahịa, mkpụrụ ndụ osisi, mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa germplasm, wdg.
3. Nhazi ígwè: ọgwụgwọ na-ekpo ọkụ nke ígwè, ihe nkedo oyi kpọnwụrụ, extrusion na egweri, wdg.
4. Nhazi nri: ngwa ngwa na-ekpo ọkụ, nri na-ekpo ọkụ na njem njem, wdg.
5. Teknụzụ Aerospace: ngwaọrụ mmalite, isi mmalite oyi nke ime ụlọ ịme anwansị oghere, wdg.
3. Site na ọganihu nke sayensị na nkà na ụzụ na mmepe nke mmepụta akụ na ụba, ntinye ngwa nke nitrogen na-arịwanye elu, ma banye n'ime ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na ebe ndụ kwa ụbọchị.
1. Ngwa na metal okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ: Nitrogen dabeere ikuku okpomọkụ ọgwụgwọ na nitrogen ísì dị ka isi akụrụngwa bụ ọhụrụ nkà na ụzụ na usoro maka ike ịzọpụta, nchekwa, na-abụghị mmetọ nke gburugburu ebe obibi na zuru itinye n'ọrụ nke eke akụ. E gosiputara na ihe fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ usoro ọgwụgwọ okpomọkụ niile, gụnyere quenching, annealing, carburizing, carbonitriding, soft nitriding and recarburization, nwere ike mechaa site na iji ikuku gas na-adabere na nitrogen. Àgwà nke akụkụ ígwè a na-emeso nwere ike iji tụnyere nke a pụrụ iji tụnyere ọgwụgwọ ikuku ikuku endothermic ọdịnala. N'ime afọ ndị na-adịbeghị anya, mmepe, nyocha na ntinye nke usoro ọhụrụ a n'ụlọ na mba ọzọ na-arị elu ma nweta nsonaazụ na-amịpụta.
2. Ngwa na ụlọ ọrụ eletrọnịkị: N'ime usoro mmepụta nke ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe, nitrogen dị ọcha karịa 99.999% kwesịrị iji dị ka gas nchebe. Ka ọ dị ugbu a, obodo m ejirila nitrogen dị ọcha dị ka ihe na-ebu gas na gas na-echebe na usoro mmepụta nke tubes foto TV agba, nnukwu sekit jikọtara ọnụ, kristal mmiri mmiri na semiconductor silicon wafers.
3. Ngwa na usoro mmepụta fiber kemịkalụ: A na-ejikarị nitrogen dị ọcha eme ihe dị ka gas nchebe na mmepụta fiber kemịkalụ iji gbochie ngwaahịa fiber kemịkalụ ka ọ bụrụ oxidized n'oge mmepụta ma na-emetụta agba. Ka ịdị ọcha nke nitrogen dị elu, ka agba nke ngwaahịa eriri kemịkal na-ama mma karị. Ugbu a, ụfọdụ ụlọ ọrụ fiber kemịkalụ ọhụrụ na mba m nwere ngwaọrụ nitrogen dị ọcha.
4. Ngwa na nchekwa na nchekwa ebe obibi: Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a na-eji usoro nke ịchichi ụlọ nkwakọba ihe, na-ejuputa nitrogen na iwepụ ikuku na mba ọzọ iji chekwaa ọka. Obodo anyị anwalela usoro a nke ọma wee banye na ọkwa nkwalite na itinye n'ọrụ. Iji iyuzucha nitrogen na-echekwa ọka dị ka osikapa, ọka wit, ọka bali, ọka, na osikapa nwere ike igbochi ụmụ ahụhụ, okpomọkụ, na mildew, ka e wee debe ha nke ọma n'oge okpomọkụ. Usoro a bụ iji akwa rọba mechie ọka ahụ nke ọma, buru ụzọ bupụ ya na obere oghere, wee jupụta nitrogen na ịdị ọcha nke ihe dịka 98% ruo mgbe nrụgide dị n'ime na nke mpụga na-edozi. Nke a nwere ike ịnapụ ikpo ọka oxygen, belata ume iku ume nke ọka, ma gbochie mmepụta nke microorganisms. Ndị na-agwụ ike ga-anwụ n'ihi enweghị oxygen n'ime awa 36. Usoro a nke ibelata ikuku oxygen na igbu ụmụ ahụhụ ọ bụghị nanị na-azọpụta nnukwu ego (ihe dị ka otu pasent nke ọnụ ahịa fumigation na ọgwụ ndị na-egbu egbu dị ka zinc phosphide), ma na-echekwa ịdị ọhụrụ na uru nri nke nri ma gbochie ọrịa nje. na mmetọ ọgwụ.
Nchekwa na ichekwa nke mkpụrụ osisi, akwụkwọ nri, tii, wdg bụkwa usoro kachasị elu. Usoro a nwere ike belata metabolism nke mkpụrụ osisi, akwụkwọ nri, akwụkwọ nri, wdg na gburugburu ebe obibi dị elu na nitrogen na obere oxygen, dị ka a ga-asị na ọ na-abanye n'ọnọdụ mkpuchi, na-egbochi mgbe-ripening, ma si otú ahụ na-eme ka ha dị ọhụrụ ruo ogologo oge. Dị ka ule si kwuo, apụl echekwara na nitrogen ka na-atọ ụtọ ma na-atọ ụtọ mgbe ọnwa 8 gasịrị, na ọnụ ahịa nchekwa apụl kwa kilogram bụ ihe dịka 1 dime. Nchekwa jupụtara na nitrogen nwere ike ibelata mfu nke mkpụrụ osisi n'oge oge kachasị elu, hụ na a na-enweta mkpụrụ osisi n'ahịa oge, meziwanye àgwà mkpụrụ osisi a na-ebupụ, na ịbawanye ego mgbanwe ego mba ọzọ.
A na-ekpocha tii ma jupụta nitrogen, ya bụ, a na-etinye tii ahụ n'ime akpa aluminom-platinum (ma ọ bụ nylon polyethylene-aluminum composite foil) nwere okpukpu abụọ, a na-ewepụta ikuku, gbanye nitrogen, ma mechie akpa ahụ. Mgbe otu afọ gachara, àgwà tii ga-adị ọhụrụ, ofe tii ga-edo anya ma na-egbuke egbuke, ụtọ ahụ ga-adịkwa ọcha ma na-esi ísì ụtọ. N'ụzọ doro anya, iji usoro a iji chekwaa tii ọhụrụ dị mma karịa nkwakọ ngwaahịa agụụ ma ọ bụ nkwakọ oyi.
Ka ọ dị ugbu a, a ka na-akwakọba ọtụtụ nri na nkwakọ ngwaahịa efu ma ọ bụ nke oyi kpọnwụrụ. Ngwunye oghere na-adịkarị mfe ịpụpụ ikuku, na nkwakọ ngwaahịa oyi kpọnwụrụ na-enwekarị mmebi. Ọ dịghị nke ọ bụla n'ime ha dị mma dị ka nkwakọ ngwaahịa nitrogen jupụtara.
5. Ngwa na teknụzụ ikuku
Eluigwe na Ala dị oyi, ọchịchịrị na nnukwu oghere. Mgbe ụmụ mmadụ na-aga eluigwe, ha ga-ebu ụzọ mee nnwale simulation mbara igwe na ala. A ghaghị iji nitrogen mmiri mmiri na helium mmiri mee ka oghere. Nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ ịme anwansị oghere dị na United States na-eri 300,000 cubic mita nke gas nitrogen kwa ọnwa iji mee nnwale simulation ọwara ikuku buru ibu. N'elu rọketi, iji hụ na arụ ọrụ nchekwa nke ngwaọrụ hydrogen mmiri ọkụ na-agbawa agbawa, a na-etinye ihe ọkụ nitrogen n'ebe kwesịrị ekwesị. Ngwunye nitrogen dị elu bụkwa ikuku na-enye nrụgide maka mmanụ rọketi (mmiri hydrogen-mmiri mmiri oxygen) na gas ihicha maka pipeline combustion.
Tupu ụgbọ elu ebili ma ọ bụ mgbe ọ rutere, iji hụ na nchekwa ma gbochie ihe ize ndụ nke mgbawa n'ime ụlọ combustion engine, ọ na-adịkarị mkpa iji nitrogen hichaa ụlọ ọkụ engine.
Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, a na-ejikwa nitrogen dị ka gas na-echebe n'ime ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe.
Na nkenke, nitrogen na-enwewanye mmasị na nchekwa na mkpuchi. Ọchịchọ maka nitrogen na-eto eto site na mmepe na mmesi ike nke ụlọ ọrụ. Site na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke mmepe akụ na ụba obodo m, ọnụọgụ nitrogen ejiri na obodo m ga-abawanye ngwa ngwa.
Oge nzipu: Feb-22-2024
